Federal Disaster Declarations by State: A Decade of FEMA Data

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For storm-driven trades — tree services, contractors, roofers, restoration crews —
federal disaster declarations are a map of where the work happens. The table below counts every
FEMA declaration for each state over the last decade: major disasters (DR, the
full-assistance declarations), emergencies (EM), and fire management
declarations (FM), with each declaration counted once per state no matter how many counties it
covered.

The most weather-declared states since 2016: California (32), Alaska (23), Mississippi (23), Tennessee (23), Oklahoma (21). The least: District of Columbia (1), Nevada (3), Colorado (3), Wyoming (4), Utah (4).

Federal disaster declarations by state, 2016–2026

State Major disasters (DR) …weather-related* Emergencies (EM) Fire management (FM) Most common incident
Alabama 17 15 7 0 Severe Storm
Alaska 24 23 2 9 Severe Storm
Arizona 12 10 1 28 Severe Storm
Arkansas 15 14 5 1 Severe Storm
California 33 32 10 110 Severe Storm
Colorado 4 3 1 21 Fire
Connecticut 6 5 5 1 Severe Storm
Delaware 5 4 1 0 Hurricane
District of Columbia 2 1 3 0 Snowstorm
Florida 19 17 23 10 Hurricane
Georgia 13 12 8 4 Hurricane
Hawaii 11 10 5 10 Flood
Idaho 11 10 1 9 Flood
Illinois 6 5 2 0 Flood
Indiana 5 4 3 0 Flood
Iowa 16 15 2 0 Severe Storm
Kansas 20 19 5 12 Severe Storm
Kentucky 20 19 5 2 Severe Storm
Louisiana 17 16 18 4 Hurricane
Maine 11 10 3 0 Severe Storm
Maryland 6 5 2 0 Flood
Massachusetts 6 5 5 0 Snowstorm
Michigan 8 7 3 0 Flood
Minnesota 11 10 3 1 Flood
Mississippi 24 23 9 0 Severe Storm
Missouri 19 18 2 0 Severe Storm
Montana 19 18 3 23 Flood
Nebraska 19 18 5 4 Severe Storm
Nevada 4 3 1 33 Severe Storm
New Hampshire 15 14 1 1 Severe Storm
New Jersey 7 6 2 1 Severe Storm
New Mexico 8 7 13 22 Flood
New York 15 14 8 1 Flood
North Carolina 13 12 9 7 Hurricane
North Dakota 14 13 2 2 Severe Storm
Ohio 5 4 1 0 Tornado
Oklahoma 22 21 18 45 Severe Storm
Oregon 14 13 2 62 Severe Storm
Pennsylvania 6 5 1 0 Tropical Storm
Rhode Island 5 4 3 1 Severe Storm
South Carolina 12 11 10 4 Hurricane
South Dakota 17 16 4 5 Severe Storm
Tennessee 24 23 6 4 Severe Storm
Texas 17 16 6 28 Flood
Utah 5 4 1 23 Flood
Vermont 15 14 4 0 Severe Storm
Virginia 11 10 4 0 Severe Storm
Washington 18 17 4 59 Flood
West Virginia 17 16 2 0 Flood
Wisconsin 10 9 1 0 Flood
Wyoming 5 4 1 11 Flood

*Weather-related excludes FEMA’s “Biological” incident type — chiefly the
2020 COVID-19 declarations, which reached every state and would otherwise blur the storm
geography. Where COVID would have been a state’s “most common incident,” we show
its most common weather incident instead.

What a declaration means for a storm-work business

  • Severe storms dominate. Of the weather-related major disasters since 2016,
    severe storms are the most common incident nationally, ahead of floods and hurricanes — the
    bread-and-butter events for tree and debris work.
  • Some licensing has an emergency valve. Louisiana’s arborist law opens an
    emergency temporary license after a declaration:
    an out-of-state license or ISA certification plus insurance, applied for within 90 days.
  • Some rules bite hardest exactly then.
    North Dakota and
    Wyoming require state-fund workers’ comp to be
    in place before employees begin working — including the seasonal and occasional help
    a storm cleanup runs on — and Washington’s
    workers’-comp reciprocity with Montana and Nevada excludes construction work outright.
  • Chasing storms across state lines is a licensing event. Every state guide in
    our arborist license index covers whether an out-of-state
    credential carries, and our landscaping and
    HVAC guides do the same for those trades.

Frequently asked questions

Which state has the most federal disaster declarations?

Counting weather-related major disaster declarations from January 2016 through August 2026, California leads, followed by Alaska, Mississippi, and Tennessee. California also dwarfs every other state in fire management declarations, with 110 over the period.

What do the declaration types mean?

A major disaster declaration (DR) is the big one — it unlocks the full range of federal assistance after events like hurricanes, floods, and severe storms. An emergency declaration (EM) provides more limited, immediate assistance. A fire management declaration (FM) helps states fight specific wildfires. One declaration can cover many counties; we count each declaration once per state.

Why does the weather-related column matter?

Every state received a major disaster declaration for COVID-19 in 2020 (FEMA’s ‘Biological’ incident type). Including those makes every state look similar; excluding them shows the actual storm, flood, hurricane, and fire geography that drives demand for tree services, contractors, and restoration work.

Do disaster declarations change licensing rules?

In some states, yes. Louisiana’s arborist law includes an emergency temporary license triggered by a declaration — an out-of-state license or ISA certification plus insurance, applied for within 90 days. Other states’ rules cut the opposite way: North Dakota and Wyoming both require state-fund workers’ compensation coverage to be in place before storm crews begin working, with no private-market alternative.

Sources

  • FEMA — OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2), retrieved August 26, 2026 —
    dataset page and
    API documentation. FEMA and the federal
    government cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency’s website(s).
  • Louisiana emergency temporary arborist license, North Dakota/Wyoming workers’ comp rules:
    see the sources tables on the linked state pages — each cites the issuing agency or statute.