Original research · BLS QCEW annual averages 2024 (private ownership) · Published September 16, 2026

Employer pay and typical location size both move with geography. U.S. private plumbing/HVAC contractors average $78,290 a year in pay, versus about $33,285 in janitorial services and $32,595 in child day care. Cleaning locations range from roughly 5.6 employees per establishment in Montana to 36.2 in District of Columbia. This is an industry payroll map — not a “best state” score, and not the same thing as occupation medians on our wages by state page.

We use the Bureau of Labor Statistics Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 2024 annual averages for private employers. Metrics are average annual pay and employees per establishment (employment ÷ establishments). For national firm-size brackets (not state×industry), see how big service businesses are. For businesses without paid employees, see nonemployer share by state.

Key findings

Pay ladder by industry (U.S.). Private QCEW average annual pay in 2024: plumbing/HVAC $78,290; landscaping $50,368; beauty salons $35,053; cleaning $33,285; daycare $32,595.
State pay spreads are wide inside the same NAICS. Plumbing/HVAC runs $60,650 in Arkansas to $103,372 in District of Columbia (spread $42,722). Cleaning spans $23,375 (Mississippi → New York). Daycare spans $29,118.
Location size also clusters by state. Cleaning employees-per-establishment ranges from 5.64 (Montana) to 36.19 (District of Columbia). Salons stay small almost everywhere (U.S. 4.71; state spread only 3.7 workers).
OEWS occupation medians ≠ QCEW industry averages. Our wages-by-state tables report SOC medians (e.g., HVAC mechanics, childcare workers, janitors). This page averages pay across all UI-covered jobs inside the industry. Expect divergence — especially where an industry mixes trades, supervisors, and office roles.
HVAC is not isolatable. After NAICS 2022, QCEW no longer publishes former 6-digit 238220 as a single code. We use 5-digit 23822 (plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning contractors). Residential/nonresidential splits exist as 238221/238222 but still do not isolate HVAC from plumbing.

How to read these numbers. Average annual pay is UI-covered wage and salary pay — not take-home pay and not owner income. Establishments are payroll locations, not unique companies. Employees per establishment describes typical location staffing intensity in the QCEW frame; it is not a franchise prototype or a hiring target.

U.S. baselines and state ranges

All figures are 2024 private QCEW annual averages. Spread = highest state value − lowest state value among 50 states + D.C.

U.S. private QCEW pay and employees per establishment, with state ranges, 2024
Industry	NAICS	U.S. estabs	U.S. employment	U.S. avg annual pay	U.S. emp/estab	Pay spread	Highest pay	Lowest pay	Size spread	Largest locations	Smallest locations
Plumbing, heating & air-conditioning contractors	23822	122,326	1,287,056	$78,290	10.52	$42,722	District of Columbia ($103,372)	Arkansas ($60,650)	11.9	District of Columbia (18.18)	Maine (6.27)
Landscaping services	561730	123,133	900,726	$50,368	7.32	$21,311	Massachusetts ($62,804)	New Mexico ($41,493)	10.2	Nevada (14.14)	Vermont (3.98)
Beauty salons	812112	77,881	366,755	$35,053	4.71	$22,148	District of Columbia ($50,257)	West Virginia ($28,109)	3.7	Kansas (6.73)	Louisiana (3.02)
Janitorial services (cleaning)	561720	83,174	1,067,151	$33,285	12.83	$23,375	New York ($44,591)	Mississippi ($21,216)	30.5	District of Columbia (36.19)	Montana (5.64)
Child day care services	624410	78,926	983,412	$32,595	12.46	$29,118	District of Columbia ($52,403)	South Dakota ($23,285)	10.8	New Jersey (17.21)	Montana (6.41)

Download the state × industry CSV (255 rows).

Charts

Horizontal bar chart of U.S. private QCEW average annual pay in 2024 for plumbing/HVAC, landscaping, beauty salons, cleaning, and daycare. — U.S. industry average annual pay, private ownership, QCEW 2024.

Horizontal bar chart of U.S. employees per establishment in 2024 for five service industries. — U.S. typical location size (employment ÷ establishments), QCEW 2024.

Range plot of minimum and maximum state average annual pay for five industries with U.S. average marked as a diamond. — State min–max pay ranges; U.S. industry average shown as a diamond.

Range plot of minimum and maximum state employees per establishment for five industries with U.S. average marked. — State min–max location-size ranges. Cleaning shows the widest staffing-intensity spread.

Two panel bar charts of the ten highest-paying states for plumbing/HVAC and cleaning employers in 2024. — Highest average annual pay states for plumbing/HVAC and cleaning.

Two panel bar charts of states with the most employees per establishment for cleaning and daycare in 2024. — Largest typical employer locations for cleaning and daycare.

Scatter plots of average annual pay versus employees per establishment by state for five service industries. — Pay vs location size by state. Patterns differ by industry; neither axis is a quality score.

Rough payroll sketch

Optional planning aid only: multiply a headcount by a state’s industry average annual pay. It is not a quote, tax estimate, or benefits model.

Industry

State

Employees

Selected average annual pay: — · Typical emp/estab in that state: —

Sketch annual payroll ≈ employees × avg pay: —

State × industry table

Filter by industry and search by state. State names link to the matching industry startup guide. Ranks are within that industry (1 = highest pay or largest emp/estab).

Industry

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Showing 255 rows.

Private QCEW average annual pay and employees per establishment by state and industry, 2024
State	Industry	Establishments	Employment	Avg annual pay	Emp / estab	Pay rank	Size rank
New York	Cleaning	5,024	73,193	$44,591	14.57	1	12
Massachusetts	Cleaning	1,784	31,596	$40,241	17.71	2	3
California	Cleaning	8,027	115,379	$38,026	14.37	3	16
Illinois	Cleaning	2,928	49,777	$37,402	17.00	4	4
Washington	Cleaning	2,261	21,300	$37,189	9.42	5	37
District of Columbia	Cleaning	293	10,603	$35,729	36.19	6	1
Rhode Island	Cleaning	409	3,866	$35,189	9.45	7	36
New Jersey	Cleaning	2,618	33,581	$34,889	12.83	8	25
Arizona	Cleaning	1,415	18,947	$34,211	13.39	9	21
Nebraska	Cleaning	543	7,525	$33,317	13.86	10	19
Maryland	Cleaning	1,634	24,141	$33,216	14.77	11	11
Colorado	Cleaning	1,643	21,587	$33,197	13.14	12	24
Minnesota	Cleaning	1,393	17,545	$33,181	12.60	13	26
Hawaii	Cleaning	611	5,870	$33,178	9.61	14	35
Oregon	Cleaning	1,550	11,635	$32,536	7.51	15	45
Connecticut	Cleaning	961	15,374	$32,534	16.00	16	6
Georgia	Cleaning	2,701	23,983	$32,429	8.88	17	39
Kansas	Cleaning	726	8,872	$32,386	12.22	18	28
Pennsylvania	Cleaning	2,604	36,478	$31,934	14.01	19	18
New Hampshire	Cleaning	553	4,040	$31,824	7.31	20	47
Michigan	Cleaning	1,639	30,430	$31,780	18.57	21	2
Kentucky	Cleaning	1,038	15,078	$31,766	14.53	22	13
Iowa	Cleaning	766	10,578	$31,547	13.81	23	20
Florida	Cleaning	8,573	72,210	$31,537	8.42	24	42
Texas	Cleaning	5,561	91,542	$31,269	16.46	25	5
Nevada	Cleaning	903	13,041	$30,789	14.44	26	14
Tennessee	Cleaning	1,470	21,167	$30,752	14.40	27	15
North Carolina	Cleaning	3,173	31,298	$30,549	9.86	28	34
Indiana	Cleaning	1,509	19,894	$30,065	13.18	29	23
North Dakota	Cleaning	296	2,385	$29,903	8.06	30	44
Alaska	Cleaning	258	2,135	$29,863	8.28	31	43
Virginia	Cleaning	2,632	39,048	$29,747	14.84	32	10
South Carolina	Cleaning	1,426	16,676	$29,624	11.69	33	29
Missouri	Cleaning	1,340	17,754	$29,430	13.25	34	22
Delaware	Cleaning	424	4,636	$29,373	10.93	35	32
Utah	Cleaning	1,035	9,600	$29,054	9.28	36	38
Maine	Cleaning	439	3,276	$28,755	7.46	37	46
Ohio	Cleaning	2,627	37,347	$28,633	14.22	38	17
Vermont	Cleaning	244	1,415	$28,606	5.80	39	50
Wisconsin	Cleaning	1,463	22,222	$26,995	15.19	40	8
Alabama	Cleaning	1,018	12,444	$26,830	12.22	41	27
Idaho	Cleaning	858	5,444	$26,669	6.34	42	49
Oklahoma	Cleaning	701	7,522	$25,752	10.73	43	33
West Virginia	Cleaning	383	3,268	$25,686	8.53	44	40
Montana	Cleaning	563	3,176	$25,643	5.64	45	51
Arkansas	Cleaning	605	9,445	$25,633	15.61	46	7
South Dakota	Cleaning	312	2,639	$25,260	8.46	47	41
New Mexico	Cleaning	424	4,809	$25,132	11.34	48	30
Louisiana	Cleaning	1,026	11,476	$24,841	11.19	49	31
Wyoming	Cleaning	245	1,671	$23,761	6.82	50	48
Mississippi	Cleaning	544	8,231	$21,216	15.13	51	9
District of Columbia	Daycare	264	3,702	$52,403	14.02	1	15
California	Daycare	9,224	82,242	$41,583	8.92	2	46
Massachusetts	Daycare	1,988	30,810	$40,564	15.50	3	7
Hawaii	Daycare	401	3,438	$38,504	8.57	4	47
New York	Daycare	6,320	77,591	$38,325	12.28	5	31
Washington	Daycare	2,138	22,316	$37,221	10.44	6	43
Colorado	Daycare	1,080	17,134	$36,364	15.86	7	5
Vermont	Daycare	267	2,965	$35,707	11.10	8	41
Illinois	Daycare	2,909	38,398	$34,923	13.20	9	20
Oregon	Daycare	1,700	14,157	$34,859	8.33	10	49
Maryland	Daycare	1,334	18,668	$34,764	13.99	11	16
New Jersey	Daycare	2,404	41,365	$34,035	17.21	12	1
Maine	Daycare	644	5,453	$33,495	8.47	13	48
New Mexico	Daycare	458	6,678	$33,437	14.58	14	12
New Hampshire	Daycare	464	5,520	$33,323	11.90	15	34
Rhode Island	Daycare	312	4,108	$32,880	13.17	16	21
Alaska	Daycare	137	1,701	$32,622	12.42	17	28
Minnesota	Daycare	1,258	18,357	$32,589	14.59	18	11
Arizona	Daycare	838	13,985	$32,521	16.69	19	2
Connecticut	Daycare	946	15,440	$32,508	16.32	20	3
Florida	Daycare	4,512	61,162	$32,484	13.56	21	19
Virginia	Daycare	1,778	25,045	$32,427	14.09	22	14
Delaware	Daycare	316	3,901	$31,793	12.34	23	29
Pennsylvania	Daycare	3,657	45,881	$31,425	12.55	24	27
North Carolina	Daycare	2,659	31,961	$31,097	12.02	25	32
Nevada	Daycare	348	5,531	$30,343	15.89	26	4
Missouri	Daycare	1,338	17,321	$30,198	12.95	27	24
Wisconsin	Daycare	1,498	18,839	$29,772	12.58	28	26
Michigan	Daycare	1,731	20,429	$29,331	11.80	29	35
Georgia	Daycare	2,774	36,036	$29,252	12.99	30	22
Ohio	Daycare	2,841	35,039	$29,196	12.33	31	30
South Carolina	Daycare	817	10,588	$29,102	12.96	32	23
Indiana	Daycare	1,296	14,730	$29,065	11.37	33	40
Tennessee	Daycare	1,164	15,947	$28,963	13.70	34	18
Texas	Daycare	6,090	85,845	$28,774	14.10	35	13
Wyoming	Daycare	212	2,310	$28,310	10.90	36	42
Alabama	Daycare	1,023	11,644	$27,983	11.38	37	39
Arkansas	Daycare	798	11,654	$27,034	14.60	38	9
Utah	Daycare	692	8,244	$26,802	11.91	39	33
Montana	Daycare	522	3,346	$26,215	6.41	40	51
Kansas	Daycare	472	7,196	$26,156	15.25	41	8
Kentucky	Daycare	1,033	13,056	$25,959	12.64	42	25
Louisiana	Daycare	1,235	12,742	$25,372	10.32	43	44
Mississippi	Daycare	844	9,907	$25,078	11.74	44	36
Nebraska	Daycare	730	10,180	$24,836	13.95	45	17
Oklahoma	Daycare	973	11,305	$24,712	11.62	46	37
West Virginia	Daycare	468	4,408	$24,167	9.42	47	45
Idaho	Daycare	584	4,376	$23,623	7.49	48	50
North Dakota	Daycare	360	4,099	$23,582	11.39	49	38
Iowa	Daycare	824	12,997	$23,470	15.77	50	6
South Dakota	Daycare	251	3,664	$23,285	14.60	51	10
District of Columbia	Plumbing/HVAC	90	1,636	$103,372	18.18	1	1
Massachusetts	Plumbing/HVAC	3,048	32,280	$98,468	10.59	2	20
Washington	Plumbing/HVAC	2,244	29,832	$93,105	13.29	3	6
Oregon	Plumbing/HVAC	1,620	16,601	$88,502	10.25	4	23
New Jersey	Plumbing/HVAC	3,501	30,290	$87,929	8.65	5	38
Illinois	Plumbing/HVAC	4,280	39,900	$87,575	9.32	6	33
Alaska	Plumbing/HVAC	253	2,026	$87,465	8.01	7	42
California	Plumbing/HVAC	12,467	126,354	$86,520	10.14	8	24
Connecticut	Plumbing/HVAC	1,477	12,713	$86,103	8.61	9	39
Hawaii	Plumbing/HVAC	533	4,896	$86,030	9.19	10	34
Maryland	Plumbing/HVAC	1,963	30,769	$85,942	15.67	11	2
Minnesota	Plumbing/HVAC	1,872	21,853	$85,689	11.67	12	16
New York	Plumbing/HVAC	7,324	68,343	$84,310	9.33	13	32
Pennsylvania	Plumbing/HVAC	4,254	45,485	$83,608	10.69	14	18
New Hampshire	Plumbing/HVAC	828	5,817	$82,614	7.03	15	48
Wisconsin	Plumbing/HVAC	2,069	24,253	$82,232	11.72	16	15
Michigan	Plumbing/HVAC	2,720	32,129	$81,307	11.81	17	14
Arizona	Plumbing/HVAC	2,936	37,389	$80,892	12.73	18	7
Delaware	Plumbing/HVAC	478	5,083	$80,674	10.63	19	19
Missouri	Plumbing/HVAC	2,143	23,446	$80,604	10.94	20	17
Colorado	Plumbing/HVAC	2,798	28,879	$78,956	10.32	21	21
Nevada	Plumbing/HVAC	992	15,449	$78,926	15.57	22	3
Indiana	Plumbing/HVAC	2,202	29,941	$77,968	13.60	23	5
Kansas	Plumbing/HVAC	1,046	12,651	$77,734	12.09	24	10
Rhode Island	Plumbing/HVAC	532	4,227	$77,293	7.95	25	44
Ohio	Plumbing/HVAC	3,486	43,788	$76,507	12.56	26	8
Iowa	Plumbing/HVAC	1,150	15,765	$76,017	13.71	27	4
Tennessee	Plumbing/HVAC	2,372	28,252	$75,498	11.91	28	12
Texas	Plumbing/HVAC	9,788	116,845	$75,053	11.94	29	11
Georgia	Plumbing/HVAC	3,657	36,754	$74,031	10.05	30	26
Virginia	Plumbing/HVAC	2,831	35,379	$74,010	12.50	31	9
Kentucky	Plumbing/HVAC	1,747	17,995	$73,099	10.30	32	22
North Dakota	Plumbing/HVAC	404	3,711	$72,170	9.19	33	35
Vermont	Plumbing/HVAC	320	2,409	$71,452	7.53	34	46
Montana	Plumbing/HVAC	808	5,270	$70,725	6.52	35	50
Maine	Plumbing/HVAC	860	5,392	$70,707	6.27	36	51
Utah	Plumbing/HVAC	1,687	16,901	$70,544	10.02	37	27
Nebraska	Plumbing/HVAC	905	10,710	$70,244	11.83	38	13
North Carolina	Plumbing/HVAC	4,797	48,441	$68,912	10.10	39	25
Alabama	Plumbing/HVAC	2,034	18,347	$68,155	9.02	40	36
South Carolina	Plumbing/HVAC	1,826	17,726	$67,398	9.71	41	30
Idaho	Plumbing/HVAC	1,101	9,761	$67,180	8.87	42	37
South Dakota	Plumbing/HVAC	456	4,437	$66,856	9.73	43	29
Florida	Plumbing/HVAC	10,676	103,834	$65,666	9.73	44	28
West Virginia	Plumbing/HVAC	536	3,992	$64,697	7.45	45	47
Wyoming	Plumbing/HVAC	369	2,434	$63,908	6.60	46	49
Oklahoma	Plumbing/HVAC	1,844	15,666	$63,070	8.50	47	40
Louisiana	Plumbing/HVAC	1,932	14,840	$62,981	7.68	48	45
New Mexico	Plumbing/HVAC	722	6,843	$62,965	9.48	49	31
Mississippi	Plumbing/HVAC	1,005	8,038	$61,983	8.00	50	43
Arkansas	Plumbing/HVAC	1,344	11,282	$60,650	8.39	51	41
Massachusetts	Landscaping	4,114	24,710	$62,804	6.01	1	32
New Hampshire	Landscaping	1,126	5,998	$56,434	5.33	2	42
New York	Landscaping	7,898	37,730	$55,916	4.78	3	49
California	Landscaping	9,662	106,707	$54,482	11.04	4	3
Rhode Island	Landscaping	854	4,330	$54,403	5.07	5	45
Connecticut	Landscaping	2,386	12,877	$53,687	5.40	6	41
Colorado	Landscaping	2,314	21,629	$53,131	9.35	7	6
Georgia	Landscaping	3,662	25,176	$53,097	6.87	8	21
Illinois	Landscaping	5,345	31,888	$52,272	5.97	9	33
Michigan	Landscaping	3,726	27,952	$52,057	7.50	10	15
Maryland	Landscaping	1,997	20,274	$51,707	10.15	11	5
Texas	Landscaping	5,783	65,540	$51,582	11.33	12	2
Oregon	Landscaping	2,164	12,777	$51,573	5.90	13	35
Maine	Landscaping	1,061	5,373	$51,220	5.06	14	46
Washington	Landscaping	3,359	19,744	$50,948	5.88	15	36
Pennsylvania	Landscaping	5,134	34,463	$50,915	6.71	16	23
Minnesota	Landscaping	2,308	13,607	$50,798	5.90	17	34
New Jersey	Landscaping	4,579	28,556	$50,018	6.24	18	28
West Virginia	Landscaping	531	4,294	$49,660	8.09	19	9
Virginia	Landscaping	2,939	25,490	$49,637	8.67	20	7
Delaware	Landscaping	539	4,180	$49,433	7.76	21	12
Tennessee	Landscaping	2,237	16,978	$49,181	7.59	22	14
Arizona	Landscaping	1,754	18,894	$48,817	10.77	23	4
Ohio	Landscaping	4,524	31,894	$48,588	7.05	24	19
District of Columbia	Landscaping	44	279	$48,522	6.34	25	27
Kansas	Landscaping	954	7,985	$48,318	8.37	26	8
South Carolina	Landscaping	1,846	13,400	$48,136	7.26	27	18
Vermont	Landscaping	564	2,243	$48,085	3.98	28	51
Hawaii	Landscaping	585	4,648	$47,896	7.95	29	11
Nevada	Landscaping	803	11,354	$47,345	14.14	30	1
Indiana	Landscaping	2,572	17,962	$47,152	6.98	31	20
Utah	Landscaping	1,632	12,002	$47,133	7.35	32	16
North Carolina	Landscaping	4,950	33,681	$47,035	6.80	33	22
Wisconsin	Landscaping	2,566	16,926	$46,771	6.60	34	24
Alabama	Landscaping	1,630	10,132	$46,584	6.22	35	29
Kentucky	Landscaping	1,452	8,757	$46,496	6.03	36	31
Alaska	Landscaping	202	1,173	$46,313	5.81	37	38
Missouri	Landscaping	2,159	15,738	$45,718	7.29	38	17
North Dakota	Landscaping	316	1,644	$45,665	5.20	39	44
Florida	Landscaping	11,493	87,579	$45,546	7.62	40	13
Nebraska	Landscaping	880	5,606	$45,524	6.37	41	26
Idaho	Landscaping	1,436	7,237	$44,738	5.04	42	47
Wyoming	Landscaping	344	1,690	$44,572	4.91	43	48
Montana	Landscaping	791	3,615	$44,018	4.57	44	50
Oklahoma	Landscaping	1,140	7,342	$43,951	6.44	45	25
Louisiana	Landscaping	1,174	6,787	$43,727	5.78	46	39
Arkansas	Landscaping	870	5,375	$43,052	6.18	47	30
Iowa	Landscaping	1,233	7,189	$42,977	5.83	48	37
South Dakota	Landscaping	363	1,898	$42,852	5.23	49	43
Mississippi	Landscaping	733	4,183	$42,304	5.71	50	40
New Mexico	Landscaping	406	3,236	$41,493	7.97	51	10
District of Columbia	Beauty salons	177	1,054	$50,257	5.95	1	5
Maine	Beauty salons	289	1,059	$41,354	3.66	2	44
Washington	Beauty salons	1,536	8,419	$40,795	5.48	3	11
Colorado	Beauty salons	1,860	7,584	$40,343	4.08	4	33
Tennessee	Beauty salons	1,012	6,568	$39,361	6.49	5	2
Massachusetts	Beauty salons	2,295	12,418	$39,355	5.41	6	13
Virginia	Beauty salons	2,447	11,724	$38,379	4.79	7	22
Minnesota	Beauty salons	1,274	7,511	$37,634	5.90	8	7
New Hampshire	Beauty salons	406	2,086	$37,522	5.14	9	19
California	Beauty salons	8,401	31,456	$37,453	3.74	10	42
Georgia	Beauty salons	2,706	10,167	$37,239	3.76	11	40
Vermont	Beauty salons	132	626	$37,157	4.74	12	23
Alaska	Beauty salons	101	474	$37,096	4.69	13	25
North Carolina	Beauty salons	2,386	9,493	$37,079	3.98	14	36
Texas	Beauty salons	5,204	27,238	$36,988	5.23	15	18
Arizona	Beauty salons	1,435	7,513	$36,799	5.24	16	17
Florida	Beauty salons	6,821	26,135	$36,619	3.83	17	39
South Carolina	Beauty salons	912	3,983	$36,450	4.37	18	30
Connecticut	Beauty salons	1,078	5,349	$36,301	4.96	19	21
Oregon	Beauty salons	753	2,834	$36,246	3.76	20	41
Montana	Beauty salons	216	744	$36,082	3.44	21	49
Wyoming	Beauty salons	76	245	$35,716	3.22	22	50
Illinois	Beauty salons	3,116	15,791	$35,635	5.07	23	20
Hawaii	Beauty salons	351	1,299	$35,097	3.70	24	43
Alabama	Beauty salons	764	3,478	$34,942	4.55	25	28
Iowa	Beauty salons	688	3,124	$34,908	4.54	26	29
Maryland	Beauty salons	1,336	7,350	$34,603	5.50	27	10
Delaware	Beauty salons	296	1,742	$34,360	5.89	28	8
North Dakota	Beauty salons	224	923	$34,179	4.12	29	32
Kentucky	Beauty salons	748	3,019	$34,038	4.04	30	35
South Dakota	Beauty salons	136	805	$33,793	5.92	31	6
New York	Beauty salons	6,482	28,007	$33,623	4.32	32	31
Nebraska	Beauty salons	596	2,184	$33,577	3.66	33	45
New Mexico	Beauty salons	307	1,244	$33,536	4.05	34	34
Nevada	Beauty salons	554	2,610	$33,480	4.71	35	24
Missouri	Beauty salons	1,147	6,130	$33,473	5.34	36	15
Rhode Island	Beauty salons	371	1,284	$33,440	3.46	37	48
Indiana	Beauty salons	1,351	7,110	$33,151	5.26	38	16
Idaho	Beauty salons	458	1,664	$32,870	3.63	39	46
Kansas	Beauty salons	488	3,286	$32,862	6.73	40	1
Louisiana	Beauty salons	750	2,262	$32,798	3.02	41	51
Mississippi	Beauty salons	320	1,145	$32,711	3.58	42	47
Wisconsin	Beauty salons	1,458	7,906	$31,643	5.42	43	12
New Jersey	Beauty salons	3,397	19,362	$30,999	5.70	44	9
Ohio	Beauty salons	2,621	16,335	$30,825	6.23	45	4
Oklahoma	Beauty salons	543	2,526	$30,724	4.65	46	27
Pennsylvania	Beauty salons	4,513	24,141	$30,133	5.35	47	14
Arkansas	Beauty salons	418	1,645	$29,850	3.94	48	38
Michigan	Beauty salons	1,684	10,606	$29,575	6.30	49	3
Utah	Beauty salons	1,010	3,990	$28,465	3.95	50	37
West Virginia	Beauty salons	236	1,106	$28,109	4.69	51	26

Startup guides and insurance context

Use the table’s state links for licensing and startup steps. Industry hubs and insurance money pages for payroll / workers’-comp planning:

Cleaning business hub · cleaning industry statistics · cleaning business insurance
Landscaping hub · landscaping industry statistics · landscaping business insurance
HVAC hub · HVAC industry statistics · HVAC insurance
Daycare hub · daycare industry statistics · daycare insurance
Hair salon hub · salon industry statistics
sole prop net profit by state
partnership ordinary income by state — Form 1065 companion (not QCEW employer pay)

Related: landscaping seasonal employment by state — QCEW quarterly peak/trough payroll swings for NAICS 561730 (not annual pay).

Related: unemployment vs service hiring by state — FRED Δ unemployment vs QCEW Δ payroll employment for cleaning, landscaping, plumbing/HVAC, and daycare (correlation check, not pay levels).

Related: home prices vs home-services employment — FRED/FHFA house-price growth vs QCEW landscaping and plumbing/HVAC hiring (correlation check, not pay levels).

Methods and limitations

Source and filters

BLS QCEW 2024 annual singlefile CSV (data.bls.gov zip). Private ownership (own_code=5), all establishment sizes (size_code=0). State totals use aggregation level 58 for 6-digit industries and 57 for 5-digit 23822; U.S. totals use 18 / 17. Full methods: documented in the research folder METHODS.md.

What these figures are not

Not take-home pay, tips, or owner draw.
Not OEWS occupation medians (different survey and unit of analysis).
Not receipts, profit, or revenue per shop.
Not a count of unique companies; multi-location firms appear as multiple establishments.
Not a best-state ranking or endorsement.

Disclosure

No N suppressions appeared in these private state×industry cells for the five codes above in the 2024 file we archived. If a future vintage suppresses a cell, it must remain missing — never imputed as zero.